Walfeid buekmak



(No Model.)

W. BURKMAN.

MACHINE FOR REDUOING CLAY.

Patented Aug. 11, 1885.

MZnes 5 as.

NITED STATES \VALFRID BURKMAN, OF CHICAGO,

ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES H.

FROST, OF SAME PLACE.

MACHINE FOR REDUCING CLAY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 323.908, dated August 11,1885.

Application filed January 6, 1885. (N model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALFRID BURKMAN, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, and a citizen of the United States, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machines for Reducing Clay, of which the following is a full description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation; Fig. 2, a vertical cross-section. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the gearing. Fig. 4. is a detail, being a plan of the delivery-roll. Fig. 5 is a detail, showing the roll 0 and cutters thereon. Fig. I 5 6 is a detail, being a plan of the two rolls K K. Fig. 7 is a detail, being a plan of the grate.

In making pressed brick the clay must first be finely pulverized.

The leading object of my inventionis to provide improved devices for reducing clay, which I accomplish by means of cutters and grates, and by means of pulverizing-rolls of peculiar form. A second object is to provide 2 5 a device for delivering the pulverized clay to an elevator, all of which I accomplish as illustrated in the drawings, in which- A is a case; B, a hopper; O, a shaft, supported in suitable bearings; D, a series of cut 0 ters, secured to the shaft 0, and placed a little distance apart, with collars or washers a between them. Each cutter D, in fact, consists of two cutters or knives, Z) 0, preferably formed from a single piece of metal. The cuttingedge of each knife b c is concave longitudinally, as shown at d, and thus these knives have a hooked form.

E is a gear-wheel on the shaft 0. F is another shaft similar to 0, provided with cutters similar to the cutter D. The cutters upon this shaft F may be arranged as shown in the drawings.

G is a gear-wheel on the shaft F, which ongages with the gear-wheel E. On this shaft F 5 there is also a pulley, e, and this wheel G is driven by a belt, H.

I is a grate beneath the shaft 0, between the bars of which the cutters D revolve, and J is a similar grate beneath the shaft F, between 5 the bars of which the cutters on the shaft F revolve.

K K are two pulverizing-rolls on shafts sup ported in suitable bearings. These rolls are of peculiar form, each having a series of conical indentations, f, forming corresponding conical projections, g, the projections 9 upon one roll fitting into the conical indentationsf of the other roll, as shown in Fig. 6. The shaft upon which one of these rolls is placed is to be adj ustably supported, so that it can be moved toward or from the other roll, which can be done in any well-known manner. (Not illustrated in the drawings.) Beneath the rolls K K, upon a suitable shaft, is a roller, L, tapering conically from each end toward the center, as shown in Fig. 4. v

M are metal guards, one on each side of the roller L, and arranged so that their lower edges come very nearly in contact with the conical edges of the roll, and having an opening, 1', at the center, through which the pulverized clay may fall, as shown in Fig. 4. The upper edges of the guards M may be secured to the inside of the case, as shown in Fig. 2.

h is a pinion.

N N are gear-wheels on the shafts of the rolls K K, and O is a gear-wheel 0n the conical roll L.

The operation is as follows: Motion being communicated to the shaft F, the gear-wheel G will revolve, and through it and other wheels, as indicated in the drawings, motion will be given to the shafts O and F, rolls K K, and conical roll L. The clay to be pulverized is to be fed into the hopper B, from which it will fall onto the grate I, and the cutters D, revolving between the grate-bars of the grate I, will cut and pulverize the clay, which will fall through the bars of the grate I onto the grate J, and the cutters upon the shaft F will further out and pulverize the clay, which will fall through the grate J onto the pulverizing-rolls K K, and passing in between the conical projections g of the two rolls, which are to be placed near each other, the clay will be very finely pulverized. The peculiar form of the rolls, due to the deep indentations f and projections g, furnish a very large pulverizing-surface. The hooked form of the cutters is important, and greatly facilities the operation of reducing the clay, because the clay cannot escape from under them without being acted upon, since the points of the cutters pass in between the bars of the grates and prevent the clay from being forced out at the point of the cutter. These cutters might be used without the rolls K K, but it would be better to use the two together. The knives D, upon the shaft F, might be somewhat thinner than those upon the shaft 0, and the distance between the bars of the grates is to correspond with the thickness of the cutters, which are to pass between the bars. The pulverized clay will fall from the rolls K K upon the conical roll L, and will gradually pass to the central opening, 2'. The guards M, coming very nearlyin contact with the conical surface of the roll L, will retain the greater portion of the pulverized clay and prevent it from being delivered from this roll L. except at the center. The angular indentations in the rolls K K are deep and their faces smooth, and compensation for wear is provided by making one of the rolls adjustable. The effect which I secure would not be gained if the faces of the indentations were provided with teeth. For a roll, say, twenty inches in diameter, I make the indentations about eight inches deep. The periphery of each roll of course moves faster than the points at and near the bottom of the indentations, and hence the clay is subjected to a rubbing and grinding force between the ad joining faces of the indentations, which are smooth, which greatly facilitates its reduction to a fine powder. I am aware that efforts have been made to secure this result, but I am not aware that my devices have ever been employed for that purpose. The construction of two rollers having deep indentations with smooth faces which act upon the clay under different rates 01' speed, although the rollers both move at the same rate of speed, is, I believe, new, and is important.

I provide very large rubbing-surfaces which can be adjusted very near to each other, and which may be not more than one thirty-second of an inch apart.

YVhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a machine for reducing clay and other substances, the combination of the stationary grate formed of horizontal parallel bars, and the horizontal revolving shaft having a so ries of curved cutters or knives secured thereto and operating between the bars of the grate, with the casing and feed-hopper arranged above the horizontal grate, substair tially as described.

2. In a machine for reducing clay and other substances, a series of cutters or knives having their cuttingedges curved longitudinally, and a grate between the bars of which the cutters rotate, in combination with a second series of similar cutters and a second grate, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. In a machine for reducing clay and other substances, one or more series ofcutters, D, and one or more grates, between the bars of which the cutters rotate, in combination with pulverizing-rolls K K, formed with indentations and projections, all substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. In a machine for reducing clay and other substances, the combination of the bi-conical roll L with the inclined guards M, forming a central discharge-opening, i, substantially as described.

VALFRID BURKMAN.

Vitnesses:

E. A. WEs'r, II. T. JoNEs. 

